Akwadoro ngwungwu mmezigharị ụtụ maka ụlọ ọrụ Switzerland
N’akụkọ ihe mere eme, ụlọ ọrụ Switzerland enwela usoro ụtụ isi efu maka uru isi obodo na ego nbinye ego.
Agbanyeghị, ụlọ ọrụ azụmaahịa na -adọta ụtụ ụtụ mpaghara mpaghara (mpaghara) oge niile. Mgbanwe ụtụ isi ọhụrụ na -elekwasị anya na uru azụmaahịa.
Ọnụ ego ụtụ ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ - Geneva
Site na Jenụwarị 2020, ọnụego ụtụ ụlọ ọrụ (ụtụ gọọmentị etiti na ụtụ obodo) maka ụlọ ọrụ niile dị na Geneva, ga -abụ 13.99%.
Ọnụ ego ụtụ gọọmentị etiti Switzerland na -agbanwe agbanwe mana ọnụego ụtụ ụlọ ọrụ (ụtụ gọọmentị etiti, yana ụtụ cantonal) ga -adị iche na mpaghara cantons dị iche iche nke Switzerland, dabere na ọnụego ụtụ cantonal akọwapụtara na ntuli aka, nke mere na Mee 2019.
Mụrụ
European Union (EU) nyere Switzerland ruo ngwụcha afọ 2018 iji kagbuo ọtụtụ ikike ụtụ isi anaghị anabata mba ụwa. Ebumnuche ebumnuche nke mmegharị ahụ bụ imezu nke a ka na -ejigide ịma mma mba ụwa nke usoro ụtụ isi ụlọ ọrụ Switzerland
Na 28 Septemba 2018, ndị ụlọ omebe iwu Switzerland kwadoro nkwado 'Federal Act on Tax Reform Financing' ("TRAF").
Nsonaazụ nke Referendum
Ntuli aka na TRAF mere na 19 Mee 2019, a ga -etinye iwu ọhụrụ na 1 Jenụwarị 2020.
Ọnụ ọgụgụ ka ukwuu nke ndị ntuli aka Switzerland nabatara mmezigharị ụtụ isi gọọmentị etiti nke Switzerland na 2020 na ọnụ ọgụgụ ka ukwuu nke ndị ntuli aka Geneva nabatara mmezigharị ụtụ cantonal Geneva (canton ọ bụla nwere votu nke ya na ndozigharị ụtụ cantonal ya).
Nchịkọta nke Ụkpụrụ
Na ọkwa gọọmentị etiti, a ga -akagbu iwu oke nke ụlọ ọrụ ndị isi na ngalaba ego Switzerland.
Na ọkwa mpaghara, a ga -ewepụ ihe ùgwù ụtụ isi maka ijide ụlọ ọrụ, ụlọ obibi na ụlọ ọrụ agwakọtara.
Igbe Patent
A ga -atụba uru nrite sitere na akwụkwọ ikike ụlọ na nke mba ọzọ iche na oke mbelata 90% (ọnụego ziri ezi dabere na ikike cantonal). Usoro nchịkwa patent a na -ezute ọkọlọtọ OECD2 na enyemaka 90% kacha dị mkpa na ọkwa mpaghara.
Tupu etinyere Igbe Patent na nke mbụ, a ga -enwetaghachi ma tụnye ụtụ ụtụ kwekọrọ na ya.
R&D Super Mbelata
Mwepụ nnukwu R&D nke 50% maka R&D ụlọ bụ nhọrọ, na ọkwa mpaghara.
Usoro ndị ọzọ
- Mwepụ ụtụ isi n'ozuzu nke 70% bụ iwu na ọkwa mpaghara; Igbe patent, mwepụ nke R&D na mwepu ọmụrụ nwa (NID), na mgbakwunye na mbelata nke enwere ike site na ntughari mbụ site na ụtụ '' ihe ùgwù '' gaa '' nkịtị '', na -anọ n'okpuru enyemaka ụtụ isi nke 70%.
- Mgbakwunye nzere ụtụ dị larịị na ụlọ ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide nke ụlọ ọrụ ndị mba ọzọ; Ụlọ ọrụ Switzerland na-adịgide adịgide nke ụlọ ọrụ si mba ọzọ, n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, ga-enwe ike ikwu na ha anaghị atụ ụtụ maka ego sitere na mba nke atọ, yana kredit ụtụ dị larịị.
- Ihe a na -akpọ cantons ụtụ 'dị elu' nwere nhọrọ iwebata mwepu ọmụrụ nwa (NID) na isi obodo. A na -atụ anya ugbu a na naanị mpaghara Zurich ga -emezu ihe akọwapụtara.
- A na -eme mgbanwe maka ịtụ ụtụ isi nke ego nrite site na isonye ruru eru. Na ọkwa gọọmentị etiti, ọnụego ụtụ na -abawanye ruo ọkọlọtọ 70% (na mbụ 50% maka itinye ego azụmaahịa yana 60% maka itinye ego nkeonwe). N'ọkwa cantonal enwere mmekorita nke usoro enyemaka yana ọnụego ụtụ kacha nta nke 50% (ọnụego ziri ezi na ikike cantonal).
- Companieslọ ọrụ ndị edepụtara na Switzerland nwere ike kwụọ ụgwọ onyinye isi obodo na-enweghị ụtụ isi ma ọ bụrụ na ha kwụọ ụgwọ nkesa ụtụ isi hà nhata.
Summary
A na -atụ anya na ndị Cantons ga -enweta oke ụtụ nke ụtụ gọọmentị etiti: 21.2% (na mbụ 17%).
- Nke a ga -eme ka imirikiti ndị obodo Switzerland nwee ike ịnye ọnụego ụtụ ụlọ ọrụ mara mma n'etiti 12% na 18% (ụtụ gọọmentị etiti na cantonal).
Ozi Mgbakwunye
Ọ bụrụ na ị ga -achọ ozi ndị ọzọ gbasara mgbanwe na usoro ụtụ isi ụlọ ọrụ Switzerland, biko kpọtụrụ Christine Breitler n'ọfịs Dixcart na Switzerland: ndụmọdụ.switzerland@dixcart.com. N'aka nke ọzọ, biko kpọtụrụ onye kọntaktị Dixcart gị.
