Zikhulupiriro za ku Offshore: Kusamvetsetsana, Pitfalls ndi Mayankho (3 mwa 3)
Kukhazikitsa Offshore Trust yogwira mtima yomwe imagwira ntchito bwino ndikukwaniritsa zolinga za Settlor ndikofunikira kwambiri, koma imatha kukhala ndi misampha. Monga opereka chithandizo cha Trust nthawi zambiri timapeza kuti Ma Settlor ndi Ma Trustees pawokha amatha kukhala ndi malingaliro olakwika pazaudindo wawo, maudindo awo komanso Chikhulupiliro chokha. Kusamvetsetsana uku kungathe kutha m'nkhani ndikuyambitsa zolakwa zosayembekezereka. Mndandandawu waganizira zofunikira za Offshore Trusts; Ngati mungafune kuwerenga nkhani zina zomwe zili mndandandawu mutha kuzipeza apa:
- Zikhulupiriro za ku Offshore: Chiyambi (1 mwa 3)
- Zikhulupiriro za ku Offshore: Mitundu ndi Kagwiritsidwe (2 mwa 3)
M'nkhani yomaliza pamndandanda uno, tiwona kusamvetsetsana komwe kumachitika kawirikawiri kwa Settlors ndi Trustees kuti adziwe. Ngati kuli koyenera, timapereka njira zabwino zopewera mavuto amtsogolo komanso momwe wothandizira Trust angathandizire. Tikukambirana:
- Kusamvetsetsana komwe kumachitika pa Offshore Trusts?
- Zovuta zomwe zimachitika mukakhazikitsa Offshore Trusts
- Kugwira ntchito ndi Trust Service Provider
Mkhalidwe wa Kukonzekera Mwalamulo
Pankhani ya Trust nthawi zambiri, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ma Trust alibe umunthu wosiyana wazamalamulo motero samapindula ndi ngongole zochepa. Ndi ma Trustees omwe ali ndi udindo pazochita zilizonse zomwe zachitidwa, kapena zosachitidwa, zokhudzana ndi Trust.
Nthawi zambiri a Settlors mwina sangadziwe kapena kunyalanyaza maziko a dongosolo lazamalamulo - kusamutsa umwini wopindulitsa - izi zimapereka udindo wovomerezeka kwa Ma Trustees; a Settlor sadzakhalanso ndi dzina lililonse lalamulo pazinthu zomwe zathetsedwa. Kupitilizabe kuwongolera, monga kale, kungapangitse kuti Trust iwoneke ngati yabodza ndipo chifukwa chake ndi yosatheka.
Kutsatira izi, palinso kusamvana komwe kwadziwika kuti udindo wa Trustee ndi mwambo chabe, chofunikira pakuwongolera. Inde, izi sizolondola. Ma Trustees ali ndi ntchito yodalirika kwa aliyense wotchulidwa kapena gulu la Opindula, kuyang'anira Trust Fund mokhulupirika, mogwirizana ndi Trust Deed. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, ali ndi udindo wovomerezeka pazachuma za Trust. Monga eni ake azamalamulo, Ma Trustees ali ndi udindo wamisonkho pazachuma za Trust, zomwe zitha kubwera m'malo ena osayang'anira komwe amakhala.
Pansi pa Upangiri wa Misonkho
Nthawi zambiri, komanso zomveka, makasitomala omwe amabwera kwa ife mwachindunji sadziwa kusintha kwakukulu kwa malipoti, zofunikira zotsatiridwa ndi ndondomeko ya ndondomeko ya msonkho ndi njira zopewera kupewa. Kusintha kumeneku kwapangitsa kuti upangiri wamisonkho ukhale wofunikira kuyambira pachiyambi. Upangiri woterewu umawonetsetsa kuti, pomwe njira zabwino zimatsatiridwa, bizinesi imachitika mwachilungamo komanso yogwirizana ndi dziko lonse lapansi.
Malingaliro a 'Offshore'
Izi zimatifikitsa ku kusamvetsetsana kwathu kotsatira. Mlingo wankhani zoyipa zomwe mabungwe aku Offshore adalandira pazaka khumi zapitazi ndizachisoni ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosawerengeka kapena kusokeretsa. Mwachitsanzo, nkhani zaposachedwa komanso zochulukira, mapepala a Panama, Paradise Papers ndi Pandora Papers, onse akuwonetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mapulani a Offshore ngati zachiwerewere kapena zachiwembu - pomwe malipotiwo akuwonetsa ochepa olakwa, 95% mwa omwe adatayikira. Zolemba zidzakhala zokhudzana ndi dongosolo lalamulo komanso logwirizana, zomwe ndizofala.
M'malo mwake, kugwiritsa ntchito UK monga chitsanzo, ndikofunikira kuti olemba anzawo ntchito aku UK apereke ndalama zochepera 3% zapenshoni kwa antchito. Pensheni zimenezo zidzatero zambiri zitha kulumikizidwa ndi ndalama zomwe sizili za UK. 75% ya mabanja aku UK akugwira nawo ntchito zoyang'anira katundu mwachindunji kapena mwanjira ina kotero kuti anthu ambiri okhala ku UK adzakhala kale ndi njira zina zakunyanja.
Tikukhulupirira kuti chitsanzo pamwambapa chikuwonetsa mwachidule mfundo yomwe ndikuyendetsa; kwa anthu ambiri, mawu akuti Offshore, makamaka pankhani ya kasamalidwe ka chuma, ndi ofanana ndi zonyoza. Pamene, zenizeni, Offshore ili ponseponse - ndizochitika, zovomerezeka kwathunthu ndipo nthawi zonse zimalangizidwa ndi oyenerera komanso oyendetsedwa bwino. Mwachidule, kupita ku Offshore tsopano kuyenera kukhala chida chowonekera komanso chotsatira pakukonza mwaukadaulo, zomwe zitha kubweretsa phindu lazamalamulo, msonkho ndi zina zosiyanasiyana. Offshore sayenera kuwonedwa ngati njira yachidule yozemba msonkho kapena kubisa chuma.
Kukula Kumodzi Sikokwanira Zonse
Pomaliza, anthu ambiri okhala ku UK komanso olamulira sadziwa zakusintha kwamalamulo osiyanasiyana komanso kukokoloka kwabwino kwamisonkho, komwe kudachokera kugwiritsa ntchito Offshore Trusts. Chifukwa chake, kwa ambiri ku UK omwe amakhala komanso okhazikika, palibe maubwino ochepa okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito Offshore Trust. Ubwino wochepa ungaphatikizepo momwe ma Trustees a Isle of Man amathandizira komanso kuthekera kopindula ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama, nthawi zina.
Mosiyana ndi ma Trustees m'malo ena ambiri, kupereka ntchito za Professional Trustee ndi ntchito yovomerezeka pa Isle of Man. Ma Trustees a Isle of Man amafuna Chilolezo cha Class 5 kuchokera ku Isle of Man Financial Services Authority, motero amawongoleredwa bwino - kuwonetsetsa kuti utsogoleri wabwino ndi kutsata zikutsatiridwa ndikudziwitsidwa zochita za trustee. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha cholowa chake chodziwika bwino pakukonza za Trust, onse a Island ndi Dixcart ali ndi ukadaulo wambiri mderali.
Gross roll up imafotokoza kuthekera kwa madera akunyanja kuti apindule ndikukula kopanda msonkho kwa nthawi yonse ya moyo wake. Ma Offshore Trusts atha kupindula ndi kuchulukitsidwa kwakukulu nthawi zina - izi ziyenera kulipidwa chifukwa pangakhale msonkho wokhomera pakukhazikitsa Trust, nthawi ndi nthawi (mwachitsanzo pazaka 10), pazagawidwe zilizonse, pakubweza ndi zina. misonkho ya Trusts ndizovuta ndipo zimafunikira upangiri wa akatswiri kuti muganizire momwe zinthu ziliri.
Komabe, pangakhalebe zabwino zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito Offshore Trusts for UK Resident Non-Domiciliary. Izi, pakati pamitu ina, zimaganiziridwa muvidiyo yathu yachidule, yomwe ikupezeka patsamba lathu ndi YouTube apa.
Offshore Trusts - Mipata Wamba
Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zingapewedwe pokonzekera bwino ndi malangizo a akatswiri kuyambira pachiyambi. Zina mwazolinga zodziwika bwino ndi izi:
Kulola Kusinthasintha
Ma Trustees ali ndi udindo wotsatira zomwe zili mu Trust Deed; kuphwanya izi kungapangitse kuti atengedwe ndi malamulo chifukwa chophwanya udindo wawo. Chifukwa chake, a Settlor akuyenera kuwoneratu kufunikira kwa Ma Trust kuti azitha kusinthasintha, kuwonetsetsa kuti sikuchita mphezi kuti akwaniritse zolinga zake, kapena kumangiriza manja a Trustees pankhani yoyendetsa bwino Trust.
Pali zochitika zingapo zomwe Trust Deed yolemetsa imatha kuyambitsa zovuta zosayembekezereka. Tiona zitsanzo zazifupi pansipa.
Kupereka: Kumene, mwachitsanzo, Trust Deed imanena kuti kugawira kapena kugawidwa kuyenera kuperekedwa kwa Wopindula kapena potsatira zochitika zinazake (monga tsiku lobadwa, ukwati, kugula nyumba yoyamba, omaliza maphunziro ndi zina zotero), nthawi sizingachitike. khalani abwino nthawi zonse pamene zinthu zikusintha. Mwachitsanzo, Othandizira omwe ali pachiwopsezo kapena achichepere omwe amalandila mphepo mwadzidzidzi atha kubweretsa zovuta / zotulukapo zake.
Kupitilira apa, komwe ndondomeko yogawa imakhazikitsidwa, izi zitha kuyambitsa zotsatira zamisonkho zomwe sizingachitike. Opindula amakhomeredwa msonkho pamagawidwe omwe alandilidwa, okhometsedwa pamitengo yawo m'malo omwe amakhala. Ngati ndalama za Wopindula zikugwera pamtengo wokwera kapena wowonjezera wa msonkho pa nthawi ya kusamutsa, izi zingayambitse kulipira msonkho wokwera mosayenera. M'malo mwake, potengera kusinthasintha, ma Trustees atha kuyimitsa malipirowo mpaka atalandira upangiri wamisonkho kapena kugwera m'malo otsika mwachitsanzo akapuma pantchito, ndi zina zambiri.
Kusankha Katundu: Si zachilendo kuti Trust Deed itchule kapena kuletsa mitundu ina ya zochitika zokhudzana ndi kasamalidwe ka Trust fund. Mwachitsanzo, zingakhale zomveka kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chiopsezo kuzinthu zina / zochitika chifukwa cha kusakhazikika - mwachitsanzo ndalama za Bitcoin. Kumbali ina, pomwe ndalama zina zimatchulidwa, izi zitha kukhala zoletsa kwambiri ndikuyambitsa zovuta zanthawi yayitali - mwachitsanzo, chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati thumba kapena kampani yasiya kuchita malonda?
Anakonza: Discretionary Trusts imapereka mphamvu kwa ma Trustees pa momwe Trust imakwaniritsira zolinga zake. The Settlor atha kuperekabe chitsogozo kudzera mu Letter of Wishes, yomwe ndi yokopa koma yosamangirira. Malingana ngati Letter of Wishes ikuwunikiridwa nthawi zonse, ma Trustees adzadziwa zolinga za Settlor zomwe zikusintha ndipo aziganizira izi pochita chilichonse. Kuphatikiza apo, Isle of Man Trusts tsopano ikhoza kupitilizabe mpaka kalekale, zomwe zimapereka kusinthika kwina pokonzekera malo. Dixcart ali ndi chidziwitso chofunikira pakukhazikitsa ndi kuyang'anira Offshore Discretionary Trusts.
Kusankha Matrasti
Monga ndikutsimikiza kuti mutha kuyamika pano, kusankha kwa Trustee ndikofunikira kwambiri. Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimayenera kuganiziridwa posankha amene angachite ntchito yofunikayi:
Zaka zambiri: Chofunika kwambiri posankha ma Trustees ndi moyo wawo wautali - kodi Trustee wosankhidwayo adzatha kukwaniritsa ntchito yake kwa moyo wawo wonse wa Trust? Ngati sichoncho, muyenera kuganizira zokonzekera zolowa m'malo mwa ma Trustees akamwalira kapena kutaya mphamvu. Kutalika kwa moyo kumagwiranso ntchito ku malo amisonkho a ma Trustees mwachitsanzo. Ngati Trustee akukhala m'dera la Offshore, koma nkupita ku UK, Trustee idzasunthanso ndi Trustee ndipo akhoza kukhala ndi msonkho wa UK. The Settlor ikuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti Trustee ipereka kupitiliza ndi kukhazikika.
Maluso: Kutengera ndi katundu yemwe ali mu Trust, kapena ntchito yomwe yachitika, pangakhale ukatswiri wina wofunikira kuti ukwaniritse zolinga za Trust. Mwachitsanzo, poyang'anira katundu monga ndalama, ma Trustees ayenera kukhala omasuka poyang'anira katunduyo, kayendetsedwe kawo ndi akatswiri ena onse omwe akukhudzidwa. Izi zimafikiranso ku chidziwitso cha Trust, komanso zofunikira zamalamulo ndi zowongolera.
Udindo: Monga tanenera kale, Trust sichimapindula ndi ngongole zochepa, choncho Settlor idzafunika kuganizira zoopsa zomwe zingatheke, monga milandu ndi zina posankha yemwe angamusankhe kukhala Trustee. Misonkho ikuyeneranso kuganiziridwa pano, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, ma Trustees azikhala ndi msonkho uliwonse woperekedwa pazachuma. Chifukwa chake, ma Trustees ayenera kukhala okonzeka komanso okhoza kugwira ntchitoyo ndikumvetsetsa kuopsa kwa ntchitoyo.
Oteteza: M'mbali zambiri a Protectors amayang'anira Chikhulupiliro, mwachiganizo chopereka mwayi kwa ma Trustees opanduka. M'malo mwake, kupatsa munthu wina kunena mochulukira momwe Trust imayendetsedwa, kungapangitse kasamalidwe kazinthu kukhala kovutirapo komanso kusokoneza zolinga zake. Kupitilira apo, pomwe Mtetezi amapatsidwa mwayi wochulukirapo, amatha kuonedwa ngati co-Trustee, chifukwa chake amawonanso ntchito zodalirika komanso udindo womwewo ngati Woyang'anira. Kumene Mtetezi ali wofunikira, kuwonetsetsa kuti mphamvu zawo zikufotokozedwa pang'onopang'ono ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti akuwonjezera m'malo mosokoneza zolinga za Settlor.
Zosiyana: Kumene a Settlor asankha munthu kuti akhale Woyang'anira, izi zitha kuyambitsa zovuta. Kumene munthuyo ali Woyang'anira yekhayo, ngati amwalira popanda kupereka makonzedwe oyenera, pangakhale zolemetsa zosayembekezereka ndi ndalama zosafunika zomwe zingatheke kuti athetse vutoli. Kumene ma Trustees aliyense ali ofunikira, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti osachepera awiri amasankhidwa nthawi zonse, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti alowe m'malo mwa Trust Deed kuti muteteze ku zochitika zosayembekezereka.
Kusalowerera Ndale: Pamene achibale amasankhidwa kukhala Otsogolera, si zachilendo kuti maubwenzi asokonezeke ndipo kulankhulana kumasokonekera. Nkhani zoterezi zitha kuwonetsa zotchinga zazikulu zoyang'anira, zomwe zingakhudze zomwe Settlor akufuna.
Anakonza: Nkhani zonsezi zitha kuthetsedwa posankha Woyang’anira Woyang’anira m’malo mwa Matrasti aliyense payekha. Akatswiri a Trustees, monga Dixcart, atha kupereka chithandizo chosakondera komanso chaukadaulo kwa moyo wonse wa Trust. Pogwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chawo chaukadaulo ndikutsata machitidwe abwino, amatha kuyang'anira Chikhulupiliro moyenera komanso moyenera, kuchepetsa kulemedwa komwe kumayikidwa pa Settlor ndi okondedwa awo. Ndipo monga tawonera kale, mosiyana ndi madera ena, ma Trustees akatswiri omwe ali ku Isle of Man ali ndi zilolezo ndikuwongolera - kotero mutha kukhala otsimikiza kuti Trust ili m'manja mwaokhoza.
Kuphatikizidwa kwa Settlor
Ndizomveka kuti a Settlor angafune kukhalabe ndi ulamuliro pazinthu za Trust kwautali momwe angathere; Ndipotu, nthawi zambiri amakhala moyo wawo wonse akusonkhanitsa chuma chomwe akufuna kuti apereke. Ena angafunenso kudziyika ngati Trustee, komabe, kukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi Settlor kumatha kupangitsa kuti Trust iwoneke ngati yabodza, chifukwa chake katundu wa Trust amatha kukhala gawo la malo awo kaamba ka msonkho. Ndikoyenera kutsindika mfundo yoti payenera kukhala kusiyana koonekeratu pakati pa Settlor ndi katundu, kuonetsetsa kuti Settlor sangaganizidwe kuti yasungabe phindu lililonse lomwe silinafune.
A Settlor angafunenso kudzitcha okha kapena okondedwa awo kuti ndi opindula, komabe, izi zimafunika kuganiziridwa mosamala kwambiri. Ngati Settlor kapena mwamuna kapena mkazi wake angapindule mwanjira ina iliyonse, Trust imatengedwa kuti ndi Settlor Interested Trust, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zamisonkho.
Anakonza: The Settlor ikuyenera kumveka bwino pazomwe akufuna kukwaniritsa kuyambira pachiyambi. Mwanjira iyi, njira yolondola ya Chikhulupiliro ndi zofunikira zoyenera zitha kuphatikizidwa pokonzekera. Wofuna chithandizo ayenera kugwira ntchito ndi mlangizi kuti apange chisankho. Potengera zomwe ndalemba pamwambapa, zokhudzana ndi akatswiri a Trustees, izi zitha kundipatsa chitonthozo. A Settlor akuyenera kukhala ndi chidaliro kuti wowathandizira omwe amawasankha azichita zinthu mokomera Trust, poganizira Letter of Wishes ya Settlor ngati kuli koyenera.
Opindula
Kusankhidwa kwa Opindula kuyenera kuganiziridwa bwino - nthawi zina zimadziwikiratu kuti ndani ayenera kupindula, ndipo nthawi zina likhoza kukhala vuto la 'chisankho cha Sophie'. Zachidziwikire, kusankha kudzakhudzidwa mwachindunji ndi mtundu wa Chikhulupiliro chomwe chikukhazikitsidwa mwachitsanzo, pankhani ya Discretionary Trust, Opindula kapena magulu a Opindula amasankhidwa kuti ma Trustees adziwe omwe ayenera kupindula. Kuphatikiza apo, a Settlor ayenera kusankha ngati angadziwitse Opindula kapena ayi kuti adziwe chidwi chawo mu Trust. Kutengera ndi mtundu wa Chikhulupiliro, Wopindula akhoza kukhala ndi ufulu mwalamulo kuzinthu zomwe zili mu Trust kapena zambiri zokhudza iwo. Kuphatikiza apo, Wopindula akhoza kukhala ndi ngongole yamisonkho nthawi zina.
Anakonza: Izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa pazochitika ndizochitika ndipo zidzadalira kwambiri zochitika za Settlor. Zitha kukhala zothandiza kwambiri kudziwitsa Opindula, kotero kuti zokambirana zomasuka zikhale pakati pa Trustee ndi Wopindula, kapena nthawi zina kusunga chinsinsi pankhaniyi mpaka nthawi yogawa ingakhale yabwino - dziwani kuti kutengera malamulo a Khulupirirani, Wopindula atha kukhala ndi ngongole yamisonkho posachedwa, chifukwa chake angafunikire kudziwitsidwa nthawi yomweyo. Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, mulingo wolankhulirana womwe ukufunidwa utha kuthandizidwa ndi akatswiri a Trustees, monga Dixcart.
ndalama
Asanakhazikitse Trust, Settlor iyenera kuganizira za ndalama zoyendetsera katunduyo - kaya izi ndizogulitsa malonda, kugula kapena kugulitsa katundu, zotsatira za msonkho, ntchito zamaluso, ndi zina zotero. Kuganiziranso kwina kudzakhala zotsatira za Kuchulukitsa malipoti owongolera komanso kutsata komwe kumafunikira masiku ano - izi zikutanthauza kuti kuyang'anira Offshore Trust sikulinso ntchito yomwe imabweretsa ndalama zina.
Anakonza: Ngakhale ndalama zitha kulipidwa kuchokera kwina mwachitsanzo kunja kwa Trust fund, izi zitha kupereka zovuta zogwirira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, komwe Settlor anali kulipira ndalama zoyendetsera Trust ndipo Trust imapitilira pambuyo pa imfa, njira ina iyenera kupangidwa kuti chindapusacho chikwaniritsidwe. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zophweka kugawa gawo la Trust fund kuti lithandizire oyang'anira kuti akwaniritse cholinga cha Trust. M'nthawi yotukuka kukula kwa Trust Fund nthawi zambiri kumawononga ndalama izi - komabe, munthawi yachiwongola dzanja chochepa, misika yachisoni kapena kutengera katundu omwe ali nawo, zolipiritsa zotere ziyenera kuganiziridwa mozama poganizira kukhazikika kwa Trust Fund. Mitengo yotereyi iyenera kuwonetsedwa ndi opereka chithandizo atalandira zonse.
Kugwira ntchito ndi Trust Service Provider - Dixcart
Dixcart akhala akupereka Utumiki Wothandizira ndi chitsogozo kwa zaka zoposa 50; kuthandiza makasitomala pakukonza bwino komanso kasamalidwe koyenera ka Offshore Trusts.
Akatswiri athu a m'nyumba ndi antchito akuluakulu ali oyenerera mwaukadaulo, odziwa zambiri; izi zikutanthauza kuti ndife oyikidwa bwino kuti tithandizire ndikutenga udindo wa Offshore Trust, kukhala ngati Trustee ndikupereka upangiri waukatswiri ngati kuli koyenera. Ngati pakufunika, Gulu la Dixcart litha kuthandizanso ndi anthu omwe akufuna kusamukira ku UK komanso msonkho wofunikira komanso kukonzekera chuma.
Tapanga zopereka zambiri, zomwe zikuphatikiza mitundu ingapo ya ma Isle of Man. Kuchokera pakukonzekera zisanakhazikitsidwe ndi upangiri mpaka kasamalidwe ka tsiku ndi tsiku kagalimoto ndi zovuta zamavuto, titha kuthandizira zolinga zanu pagawo lililonse.
Mukhoza kuwerenga zambiri ntchito zathu za Trust apa mu bukhuli lothandiza.
Yokhudzana
Ngati mukufuna zambiri zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito Offshore Trusts, kapena Isle of Man nyumba, chonde omasuka kulumikizanani ndi David Walsh ku Dixcart:
Dixcart Management (IOM) Limited imavomerezedwa ndi Isle of Man Financial Services Authority.
