Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo: Iinkampani zaseSwitzerland

Eli nqaku liqwalasela imibuzo emininzi esisoloko sibuzwa malunga neenkampani zaseSwitzerland.

1. Kutheni le nto iSwitzerland iyindawo enomtsalane kangaka yeeNkampani?

ISwitzerland ithathwa njengendawo enomtsalane kwiinkampani ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi:

• Indawo ecwangcisiweyo: Ibekwe kwindawo esembindini eYurophu enoqhakamshelwano lwezothutho olugqwesileyo, kuquka izikhululo zeenqwelomoya ezininzi zamazwe ngamazwe kunye nothungelwano lukaloliwe olusebenzayo, oko kuyenza ibe yindawo efanelekileyo kumashishini ajolise ekufikeleleni kwiimarike ze-EU.
• Inguqulelo noPhando: Ikhaya kwiidyunivesithi ezidumileyo, amaziko ophando, kunye namaziko e-R&D ezizwe ngezizwe, ekhuthaza intsebenziswano phakathi kwezemfundo nemizi-mveliso. ISwitzerland ibekwe lelona lizwe livelisa izinto ezintsha ukusukela ngo-2011 (World Intellectual Property Organisation).
• UQoqosho oluZinzile: Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso aphantsi, intswelo-ngqesho ephantsi, kunye nemali eyomeleleyo inika indawo ekhuselekileyo kumashishini.
• Ukuzinza kwezopolitiko: Ngaphezu kweenkulungwane ezimbini zokungathabathi cala kunye nokuzinza kweziko, iSwitzerland ibonelela ngesiseko soshishino esikhuselekileyo nesinokuqikelelwa kwangaphambili.
• Isakhelo soMthetho esomeleleyo: Inkqubo yomthetho ethembekileyo ikhusela ipropati, ipropati yengqondo, amalungelo otyalo-mali, kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwekhontrakthi, ukubonelela amashishini ngezinga eliphezulu lokhuseleko kunye nokuzithemba xa eqhuba imisebenzi yorhwebo.
• Imigaqo eLungela uShishino: Ulawulo oluphantsi, ulawulo olusebenzayo, kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu ekhuphisanayo, kubandakanywa inkuthazo ye-R&D kunye nezivumelwano zokurhafiswa kabini kunye namazwe amaninzi.
• Abasebenzi abanezakhono: Abasebenzi abanobuchule obuphakamileyo beelwimi ezininzi, kunye nabasebenzi abanemveliso abaxhaswa yimfundo eyomeleleyo kunye neenkqubo zemisebenzi yezandla.

Ngokudibeneyo, ezi zinto zenza iSwitzerland ibe yindawo enomtsalane kumashishini kuwo wonke amashishini kubandakanya ezemali, amayeza, itekhnoloji, imveliso, kunye nemibutho yehlabathi.

2. Yeyiphi imilinganiselo ekufuneka ndihlangabezane nayo ukuze ndiseke iNkampani yaseSwitzerland?

Iikhrayitheriya ngokubanzi zokuseka inkampani yaseSwitzerland ziquka:

• Indawo yokuhlala: Nangona kunganyanzelekanga ukuba ube ngumhlali waseSwitzerland ukuseka inkampani yaseSwitzerland, uya kufuna ubuncinci, ummeli wasekhaya ohlala eSwitzerland ukuba abe ngumlawuli wenkampani.
• Yaba imali yokuqala: I-capital share yenkampani kufuneka ihlawulwe kwi-akhawunti yebhanki yaseSwitzerland xa iqalisa inkqubo yokudibanisa. Imali eyinkunzi yesabelo iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kulwakhiwo olusemthethweni olukhethiweyo. Kwi-stock corporation (SA/AG), i-CHF 100,000 ubuncinane yeyona mfuno isezantsi. Kwinkampani ye-liability limited (SARL/GmbH), eyona mali incinci yi-CHF 20,000.

• Amanqaku oMbutho: Lungiselela amaNqaku oMbutho, achaza injongo, inkunzi, ubume bezabelo, kunye nombutho wangaphakathi wenkampani.
• Abanezabelo kunye naBalawuli: Chonga abaninizabelo kunye nabalawuli benkampani. Abaninizabelo banokuba ngabantu okanye amaqumrhu asemthethweni, kwaye akukho mfuneko yokuhlala kubaninizabelo. Nangona kunjalo, ubuncinci umlawuli kufuneka abe ngumhlali waseSwitzerland.
• I-akhawunti yebhanki: Vula i-akhawunti yebhanki yaseSwitzerland egameni lenkampani kwaye ubeke imali efunekayo yesabelo
• Iimvume kunye neeLayisenisi: Ngokuxhomekeke kubume bemisebenzi yeshishini, unokufuna ukufumana iimvume ezithile okanye iilayisenisi ezivela kurhulumente okanye kwabasemagunyeni. Le mfuno iyahluka ngokweshishini kunye nendawo yeshishini lakho.
• Ukuthobela: Qinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho nemimiselo yaseSwitzerland, kuquka imithetho yerhafu, imithetho yengqesho, kunye nayo nayiphi na imimiselo ethe ngqo yecandelo leshishini.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iinqobo kunye neemfuno zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwi-canton (ilizwe) eSwitzerland apho uceba ukuseka inkampani yakho.

3. Iwenza umahluko ukuba yeyiphi iCanton endiyiseka kuyo iNkampani yam?

Ewe, i-canton apho useka khona inkampani yakho eSwitzerland inokwenza umahluko kwiinkalo ezininzi. Icanton nganye inemimiselo yayo, inkqubo yerhafu, imigaqo-nkqubo elungele ushishino, kunye nenkuthazo, ezinokuphembelela umtsalane nokuba nokwenzeka kokuseka inkampani.

Ichazwe ngezantsi, zizinto ezithile ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe malunga nokukhetha i-canton:

• Irhafu: IiCanton zinegunya lokumisela iirhafu zazo, ezinokuthi zibe nempembelelo enkulu kumatyala erhafu enkampani yakho. Ezinye iicanton zinokuba namaxabiso aphantsi erhafu yeshishini, iingenelo zerhafu ezifanelekileyo, okanye iinkqubo zerhafu ezikhethekileyo kumashishini athile. Kubalulekile ukuphanda kwaye uthelekise iinkqubo zerhafu zeecanton ezahlukeneyo ukumisela ukuba yeyiphi ebonelela ngeyona ndawo iluncedo yerhafu kwishishini lakho.
• Isakhelo soMthetho: Ngelixa umthetho we-Swiss federal ulawula imiba emininzi yemimiselo yezoshishino, ezinye iindawo, ezifana neenkqubo zokubhaliswa kwenkampani, iimvume kunye nemithetho yolawulo, inokwahluka kancinci kwinqanaba le-canton. Kubalulekile ukuba uqhelane neemfuneko zomthetho ezithile kwicanton ekhethiweyo.
• Iindleko zokuPhila kunye neendleko zeShishini: Iindleko zokuphila kunye nokusebenza kweshishini kunokwahluka ukusuka kwelinye ilizwe ukuya kwelinye. Iindleko ezifana nesithuba seofisi, imivuzo, izinto eziluncedo, kunye neendleko zolawulo zinokwahluka, kwaye kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ezi zinto xa ukhetha i-canton.
• Iziseko ezingundoqo kunye nokuFikelela: IiCanton zinokwahluka ngokweziseko zophuhliso, uthungelwano lwezothutho, kunye nokufikelela kwiimarike. Ezinye iicanton zinokuba noqhagamshelo olungcono, ukuba kufutshane nezikhululo zeenqwelomoya zamazwe ngamazwe, okanye iziseko zolungiselelo ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ezinokuba luncedo kumashishini athile.

• Ukugxila kumashishini: Iicanton ezahlukeneyo zinokuba nokugxila okuthile okanye amandla kumashishini athile. Umzekelo:
  • I-Zug -Irhafu ephantsi, i-blockchain kunye ne-cryptocurrency hub.
  • I-Zurich-Iziko eliphambili leenkampani zezemali nezeteknoloji.
  • I-Basel-Ikhaya kwiinkokeli zehlabathi kumashishini amayeza kunye nesayensi yobomi.
  • I-Geneva-Indawo ephambili yebhanki yabucala, ulawulo lobutyebi, idiplomacy, kunye neshishini letrasti. Liziko lamazwe ngamazwe lamaqumrhu nemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe.
• Uzinzo kuQoqosho kunye neNkxaso: Uzinzo lwezoqoqosho, ukufikelela kwinkxaso-mali, kunye nokufumaneka kweenkonzo zenkxaso yeshishini kunokwahluka kwiicanton. Ezinye iicanton zinokuba noqoqosho olwahlukeneyo ngakumbi, ushishino oluqinileyo lwendalo, okanye iinkqubo ezithile zenkxaso zokuqalisa kunye namashishini angaphandle.

Sicebisa ukuba wenze uphando olucokisekileyo kwaye ufune iingcebiso zobungcali kwiingcali zasekuhlaleni okanye ababoneleli ngeenkonzo zoshishino, xa siqwalasela iimfuno neenjongo zeshishini lakho.

4. Ndilindele ukuba iRhafu ye-Swiss Corporation iPhakamileyo – Ngaba ndichanekile?

ISwitzerland isebenzisa inkqubo yerhafu yomdibaniso apho bobabini urhulumente womanyano kunye neecantons bahlawulisa irhafu yenkampani. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, iirhafu ze-Swiss corporation irhafu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwi-canton apho inkampani ibhaliswe khona. Kubalulekile ukuphanda kwaye uthelekise amaxabiso erhafu eecanton ezahlukeneyo ukuze ufumane olona khetho lunenzuzo kwishishini lakho.

Nangona amaxabiso erhafu enkampani ahluka kwiicanton, ezininzi iicanton eSwitzerland zibonelela ngenkuthazo yerhafu kunye nolawulo olukhethekileyo kumashishini athile okanye imisebenzi. Ezi zibonelelo zibandakanya amaxabiso erhafu acuthiweyo, iiholide zerhafu, okanye ukutsalwa kweendleko zophando nophuhliso (R&D). Ukuthatha eli thuba lenkuthazo kunganceda ukunciphisa ifuthe lerhafu.

Isishwankathelo, ngelixa iirhafu ze-Swiss corporation zerhafu zikhuphisana, umthwalo werhafu okhethekileyo uya kuxhomekeka kwi-canton kunye nomasipala apho inkampani ibhaliswe khona. Ukongeza, iSwitzerland ibonelela ngenkqubo yerhafu efanelekileyo, inkuthazo yerhafu, kunye namathuba okucwangciswa kwerhafu kunye nokulungiswa, okunokunceda ukunciphisa impembelelo yerhafu iyonke.

5. Loluphi uKhuseleko lwe-Asethi kunye nokubamba okuNcedayo ekunikezelwa yiNkampani yaseSwitzerland?

ISwitzerland yamkelwa ngokubanzi ngesikhokelo sayo somthetho nezezimali esomeleleyo, esibonelela ngokhuseleko oluluqilima kwii-asethi ezigcinwe ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Iinkampani zaseSwitzerland zixhamla kwindawo ezinzileyo, yezopolitiko kunye nezomthetho, ukhuseleko olungqongqo lwamalungelo epropati, kunye nenkundla ethembekileyo. Ezi zinto zinegalelo ekugcinweni kwexesha elide kunye nokukhuselwa kwee-asethi ezigcinwe eSwitzerland okanye ngamaqumrhu aseSwitzerland.

ISwitzerland yindawo enomtsalane yokuseka iinkampani zokubamba. Baxhamla kwiinzuzo ezibalulekileyo zerhafu, kubandakanywa ukukhululwa kwiirhafu ze-canton kwingeniso efunyenwe kwizabelo ezifanelekileyo kunye neenzuzo zenkunzi kwintengiso yezabelo ezinjalo, ngelixa irhafu yengeniso ye-federal isuswa ngokusebenzayo ngokutsalwa kwenxaxheba. Uthungelwano olubanzi lwaseSwitzerland lwezivumelwano zokurhafiswa ngokuphindiweyo lunceda ngakumbi ukuthintela ukurhafiswa kabini kunye nokunciphisa irhafu yokubamba kwizahlulo eziwela imida, inzala, kunye neeroyalty.

Xa zidibene, ezi mpawu zenza ukuba iSwitzerland ibe yinto indawo encomekayo kakhulu yezakhiwo zamaqela amazwe ngamazwe kunye nocwangciso lotyalo-mali oluwela imida, ukudibanisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwerhafu kunye nokuzinza kwezomthetho kunye nezopolitiko.

isishwankathelo

Ukuba nenkampani yaseSwitzerland kunokunyusa isidima seshishini, njengoko iSwitzerland yamkelwa kwihlabathi liphela ngomgangatho, ukuchaneka, ukuthembeka, kunye nokuqamba izinto ezintsha. Ukunxulumana nophawu lwaseSwitzerland kunokubonelela ngenzuzo yokukhuphisana kunye nokwakha ukuzithemba kunye nabathengi, amaqabane, kunye nabatyali-mali.

Izinto eziluncedo ziya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kushishino, i-canton, kunye neemeko zomntu ngamnye. Ukuqhuba uphando olucokisekileyo kunye nokufuna iingcebiso zobungcali kuya kunceda ukuvavanya ukuba ezi zihambelana njani neenjongo zoshishino kunye nokuba nokwenzeka kokuseka inkampani yaseSwitzerland.

I-Dixcart ine-ofisi eSwitzerland ukususela ngo-1997 kwaye iyindawo efanelekileyo yokubonelela ngeengcebiso malunga nokusekwa kweenkampani apha. Nceda uqhagamshelane noChristine Breitler kwiofisi yeDixcart eSwitzerland: ingcebiso.switzerland@dixcart.com.

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