Ama-trust ahlinzeka ngemoto yezimali ezanyiwe yavivinywa kulabo abafuna ukuhlukanisa isihloko esisemthethweni namalungelo alinganayo ezimpahleni ezichaziwe ngenjongo ethile. Ukuhlukahluka kwama-Trust kusho ukuthi asesetshenziswe iminyaka engaphezu kwenkulungwane ngendlela eyodwa noma enye, aqhubeka kuze kube yilolu suku; Enye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu phesheya kwezilwandle yi-Discretionary Trust.
Ukusungula I-Trust endaweni yangaphandle kunganikeza izinzuzo ezengeziwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele. Kulesi sihloko esifushane, sibheka ukuthi yini, kanjani futhi kungani ama-Trust angasogwini.
Kuyini Ukwethenjwa?
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi i-Trust ayinabo ubuntu obusemthethweni obuhlukene futhi ayizuzi esikweletini esilinganiselwe. I-Trust imane nje iyilungiselelo le-Fiduciary.
Ubuhlobo be-Fiduciary bubhekwa njengobunye bokwethembana nokuzethemba phakathi kwamaqembu amabili noma ngaphezulu, lapho i-Fiduciary inesibopho sokwenza okuthile ngokuzuzisa enye inhlangano.
I-Trust Deed ibeka yonke imininingwane ebalulekile yeThrasti, kuhlanganisa nezinhlaka ezintathu ezibalulekile:
- Indawo yokuhlala: Umuntu noma ibhizinisi elidlulisela izimpahla ku-Trust futhi elakha i-Trust Fund.
- Umphathiswa: I-Fiduciary eqokwe yi-Settlor ingaba umuntu oyedwa noma ibhizinisi elihlanganisiwe. I-Trustee iphethe itayitela elisemthethweni lezimpahla ze-Trust futhi uzilawula ngokuvumelana ne-Trust Deed. Iqhaza Lomphathiswa lingaba ngenkani futhi libe nesibopho sezomthetho, ngakho ukukhetha Umphathiswa ofanele kubalulekile. Ungakwazi funda kabanzi mayelana nokukhetha phakathi kwama-Lay Trustees nama-Professional Trustees lapha.
- Umzuzi: Abahlomuli Abathize noma izigaba Zabahlomulayo kufanele zikhonjwe ngokucacile ngaphakathi kwe-Trust Deed. Leli qembu linamalungelo alinganayo ezimpahleni ze-Trust njengoba kuchazwe ku-Trust Deed. Banelungelo lokuphoqelela noma yimaphi amalungelo abanawo ngaphansi kweThrasti ngokumelene nama-Trustees.
Ungakwazi funda kabanzi esingenisweni sethu se-Trust lapha.
Kunezihibe okufanele zigwenywe uma kukhulunywa ngama-Trust, kodwa eziningi zazo zingagwenywa ngokuqoka i-Professional Trustee esezingeni eliphezulu. Ungakwazi funda kabanzi mayelana nemikhuba ehamba phambili nezinye izingibe ezivame kakhulu lapha.
I-Offshore Discretionary Trusts
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-Trust asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zasolwandle, kepha i-Discretionary Trust iyona esetshenziswa kakhulu. Izici ezichazayo ze-Discretionary Trust zifaka:
- I-Settlor ingakhetha kuphela Abahlomulayo noma izigaba Zabahlomuli (isb. izingane ze-Settlor), ezinamandla okuzuza ku-Trust. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, abanakho ukulawula ukuthi kwabiwa kanjani, nini, noma kubani.
- I-Settlor inganikeza Incwadi Yezifiso kukho konke ukuphila kwabo, enikeza ama-Trustees ukuqonda okwengeziwe ngezinjongo ze-Settlor. Lokhu kungabuyekezwa njalo. Ngokwesibonelo, ukubeka indlela abangathanda ngayo ukuthi Izimpahla Zokuthenjwa zabiwe. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-Letter of Wishes iyakholisa kodwa ayibophezeli ngokomthetho.
- Njengoba izigaba ezibanzi Zabahlomulayo zivame ukuqanjwa, futhi kungekho namunye onelungelo elimisiwe, ama-Trustees angasebenzisa amandla abanzi okukhetha, ukuze akwazi ukucabangela Abahlomuli abengeziwe, njengezizukulwane ezizayo.
- Ama-Trustees anokuzikhethela okuphelele mayelana nokusabalalisa. Lokhu kunikeza ama-Trustees amandla okucabangela izimo zomuntu siqu Zabahlomulayo isb ukuphatha izikweletu zentela, ukuvikela Abahlomuli abasengozini, ukuhlinzeka ngemfundo noma ukwelashwa njll.
- Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi nakuba ama-Trustees enegunya eliphelele phezu kwempahla ye-Trust, imali engenayo kanye nesatshalaliswa, izenzo zabo kusafanele zihambisane ne-Trust Deed futhi zihambisane nemisebenzi yazo, isb. .
Lezi zimfanelo zenza i-offshore Discretionary Trust ibe yisisekelo sayo Ukuhlelwa kwezakhiwo kanye nokulandelana nokuvikelwa kwempahla, ngokwesibonelo, lapho Abakwa-HNWI kanye nemindeni yabo bathuthela e-UK noma enye indawo yomthetho ojwayelekile.
Ungakwazi funda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo ze-offshore Trust etholakala lapha.
Kungani Kusetshenziswa I-Offshore Discretionary Trust?
I-Discretionary Trust isetshenziselwa izinhloso ezahlukahlukene. Ukukhokhelwa kungabandakanya noma iyiphi inombolo yezinhlobo zempahla ezikhokhiwe, okuhlanganisa Imali, Impahla, Amasheya, Umhlaba njll. Ngokuvamile i-Discretionary Trust iba yingxenye yokuhlela:
- Ukuvikelwa kwempahla
- Ukuhlelwa kwezindlu
- Ukuhlela Ngokulandelana
- Ukuphathwa Kwengcebo
- Izindaba Zomndeni isib. Ukuhlinzekwa Kwemali Yesikole noma Abahlomulayo abasengcupheni
- Ukwakhiwa Kwebhizinisi isb. Ama-Trust Okuhlomula Abasebenzi noma Izimoto Zempesheni
- Ukuhlelwa Kwentela isb. Ukuhlelwa Kwangaphambi Kokufika E-UK
- Inqubomgomo
- Izinto Ezisizayo noma Ezosizo
Ukuqoka i-Dixcart njenge-Trustee ye-Offshore Discretionary Trust yakho
I-Dixcart Management (IOM) Ltd inikezwe ilayisense futhi ilawulwa e-Isle of Man, indawo eyaziwa emhlabeni wonke ngokuhola i-Trust and Corporate Services. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Dixcart ulethe izinsiza ze-Isle of Man Professional Trustee kumakhasimende nakubaluleki bawo kusukela ngo-1989. Ungakwazi funda kabanzi ngokuthi kungani i-Isle of Man iyindawo yokuzikhethela, lapha.
Ithimba lethu lihlanganisa ama-Trustees aqeqeshiwe, ama-Accountant, Ochwepheshe Bokubusa Nokuhambisana nokunye. Ulwazi lwabo oluhlanganiswe namazinga esevisi amahle lusho ukuthi i-Settlor kanye nabeluleki babo bangaqiniseka ukuthi izinhloso zabo ziza kuqala kithi futhi zingasekelwa kuzo zonke izigaba.
Xhumana nathi
Uma ucabanga ukusungula i-Offshore Trust noma ukushintsha umhlinzeki wesevisi, sicela uthinte u-Paul Harvey e-Dixcart: iseluleko.iom@dixcart.com
IDixcart Management (IOM) Limited Ilayisensiwe yi-Isle of Man Financial Services Authority
